|
|
Letter-to-sound and lexical stress
|
|
|
|
|
|
tures used are long, short, stress, 1-stress, 2-stress, and -stress (lacking
|
|
|
stress). The bracket form matches only a vowel with the associated fea-
|
|
|
|
|
|
tures.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parentheses ( ) denote an optional term. When a rule with an optional term is
|
|
|
tested against a word, matching with the term included is attempted first.
|
|
|
Unless otherwise noted, the rule can match the word once at most; if the
|
|
|
rule matches with the optional term present, then no match will be at-
|
|
|
tempted with the optional term omitted.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Braces { } denote a list of alternative patterns, separated by tall slashes / .
|
|
|
The overall structure of a rule is:
|
|
|
|
|
|
V — feature [ pattern
|
|
|
|
|
|
which translates to:
|
|
|
A vowel receives feature in the context of pattern
|
|
|
|
|
|
where pattern contains the symbol — in the position where the vowel is to appear.
|
|
|
The pattern must match the entire word, unless otherwise noted.
|
|
|
A simple example of a rule follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
V — [1-stress] /x—c[ 10\'}8]
|
|
|
|
|
|
which means “A vowel receives 1-stress when followed by a consonant and word-
|
|
|
final long vowel.”
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.3.1 Main Stress Rule (cyclic)
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.V — [1-stress] /
|
|
|
|
|
|
—af [Ses/vH{ [ e/ V)
|
|
|
|
|
|
where X must contain all prefixes (i.e. prefixes are never stressed by
|
|
|
this rule).
|
|
|
|
|
|
a. Assign 1-stress to the vowel in a syllable preceding a weak
|
|
|
|
|
|
syllable followed by a morph-final syllable containing a short
|
|
|
|
|
|
vowel and zero or more consonants (e.g. difficult—pp ’1H
|
|
|
|
|
|
FF FF IH KK AH LL TT).
|
|
|
b. Assign 1-stress to the vowel in a syllable preceding a weak
|
|
|
|
|
|
syllable followed by a morph-final vowel (e.g. oregano— a0
|
|
|
|
|
|
RR ‘EH GG AE NN OW).
|
|
|
c. Assign 1-stress to the vowel in a syllable preceding a vowel
|
|
|
|
|
|
63
|
