|
|
Morphophonemics and stress adjustment
|
|
|
|
|
|
voiced segments, the plural and possessive morphemes are realized as zz (e.g.
|
|
|
dogs, potatoes). After other unvoiced consonants, it is pronounced ss (e.g.
|
|
|
backs, cat’s). Nouns and pronouns contracted with the verb is follow the same
|
|
|
rules as possessives (e.g. the dog is —the dog’s, the cat is—the cat’s). It is in-
|
|
|
teresting to note that since the plural or possessive morpheme and the word is have
|
|
|
the same pronunciation after the set of phonetic segments given special treatment
|
|
|
above. No contraction is made with is, that is, one would not write
|
|
|
The church’s across the street
|
|
|
to mean
|
|
|
|
|
|
The church is across the street.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Presumably, however, someone who does not read or write will not be able to tell
|
|
|
which form was being used.
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.4.2 Past participles
|
|
|
|
|
|
The analysis for past tense forms is similar. After the segments TT and DD, the
|
|
|
extra vowel separation is provided to give the pronunciation IH DD or IX DD (e.g.
|
|
|
mended, minted). After other voiced segments, the pronunciation DD is chosen
|
|
|
(e.g. whispered, rowed) and after other unvoiced consonants, the pronunciation
|
|
|
TT is chosen (e.g. hushed).
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.4.3 The prefixes pre, re, and de
|
|
|
|
|
|
Although it is not possible to construct a rule covering the correct pronunciation of
|
|
|
these prefixes in all cases, the rule which was chosen is frequently correct. Before
|
|
|
free morphs such as gain, the e is given the long vowel sound of 1Y (e.g. regain).
|
|
|
The short vowel sound 11 is assigned before bound morphs requiring a prefix (e.g.
|
|
|
prefer). This rule should only apply if there is no stress on the prefix; any word in
|
|
|
which the prefix is stressed should appear in the lexicon as a separate entry (e.g.
|
|
|
preference).
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.4.4 Palatalization before suffixes ion and ure
|
|
|
|
|
|
The suffixes ion and ure both cue palatalization of alveolar segments preceding
|
|
|
them. The affricates they become are dependent upon the segment preceding the
|
|
|
alveolar consonant. In addition, a change in the pronunciation of the suffix accom-
|
|
|
panies this palatalization. In this module, these changes are accomplished by
|
|
|
recognition of letter contexts.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preceding the suffix ion, the letter t is pronounced cH after n or s and SH
|
|
|
otherwise (e.g. retention, congestion, completion). The letter s is given the
|
|
|
pronunciation SH after 1 or s (e.g. emulsion, compression), the pronunciation ZzH
|
|
|
after r or a vowel (e.g. subversion, adhesion), and cH after n (e.g. suspension).
|
|
|
|
|
|
53
|
